Dorothy Richardson Essay -- Biography Biographies Essays

Despite the fact that recognized by artistic circles as the main essayist to utilize the continuous flow method in her composition, Dorothy Richardson isn't as generally perceived as the author of this style. Her quirks and manners of thinking were influenced for an incredible remainder by her childhood in a destitution stricken family. Brought into the world in 1873, Richardson was bound for cliché ladylike occupations: a coach tutor in Hanover and London, a secretary, and a colleague. Her mother’s self destruction in 1895 totally separated the family, just adding to the requirement for Richardson to discover a methods for supporting herself. Luckily, Richardson got associated with the communists in the zone, also with the individuals living in Bloomsbury, and not long after she surrendered her secretarial work. She got associated with interpretations and independent news coverage as a prologue to the bohemian way of life; from that point she met and wedded Alan Odel, an a l ot more youthful man who was to some degree a clique figure in bohemia at that point, with his abdomen length hair he wore folded over his head. All through her lifetime, Richardson distributed countless articles, short stories, sonnets, just as representations. Most well known is her Pilgrimage arrangement, a thirteen novel task that was the first in writing to utilize what Richardson liked to call â€Å"interior monologues.† Pointed Roofs was the principal novel in the arrangement and considerably, the first to present such a style of composing. She gave the story a feeling of instantaneousness, as opposed to from a review see. Rather than telling stories as in the pragmatists did, Richardson let the current second hoard the writing with the goal that the present could beat the past. It... ... Hanscombe, Gillian E. The Art of Life: Dorothy Richardson and the Development of Women's activist Consciousness. Athens: Ohio Universty P, 1983. Staley, Thomas F. Dorothy Richardson. Boston: Twayne, 1976. Winning, Joanne. The Pilgrimage of Dorothy Richardson . Wisconsin Press. 21 Mar. 2004 <http://www.wisc.edu/wisconsinpress/books/3175.htm>. Related Links: Ladies of the Left Bank http://home.sprynet.com/~ditallop/homepage.htm Innovation: American Salons http://www.cwru.edu/artsci/engl/VSALM/mod/ Universal Review of Modernism http://www.modernism.wsu.edu/ Eisenstein, Joyce, and the Gender Politics of English Literary Modernism http://www.arts.uwaterloo.ca/FINE/juhde/tiess931.htm â€Å"The Part Played by Women:† The Gender of Modernism at the Armory Show http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MUSEUM/Armory/gender.html

Report of the Leadership Camp Essay

On the 27th-29th, Co-curricular Unit of SMK Tun Mamat composed a Leadership Camp at Perimbun Resort , Cheras. The camp was gone to by all presidents and secretaries of the different clubs in school. Around 72 members incorporate facilitators joined this three days camp. Its goal is to introduce initiative characteristics and to improve cooperation among presidents and secretaries of different clubs. Youth pioneers from neighborhood college are welcome to be facilitators along this three days camp. Facilitators are welcomed from neighborhood college, known as University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). During this three days camp, a few exercises are orchestrated members. On the main day, after the enrollment of members a preparation about the camp was given by facilitators. From that point onward, members were setting up tents. At that point, members were conveyed among a few gatherings and gathering exercises were held. By partake in bunch exercises, one can improve the authority characteristics, for example, bunch pioneer quality and furthermore cooperation. Pioneer of the gathering ought to have an away from of what they need their group to accomplish. Not exclusively should there be an attention to this shared objective of the gathering however it should likewise be shared and settled upon with different individuals from the group. On the second day morning , it was a morning exercise. A few stabilities abilities are clarified by facilitators.Those basic instincts are critical to all presidents and secretaries of clubs. In this camp , a portion of the significant traits that go into delivering a decent pioneer were featured. Such us , comprehend that each colleague is distinctive , be a model . A powerful pioneer should firm the collaborate by having group and individual gatherings to rouse and spur colleagues. This should be possible when an individual from club speaking to an opposition. During the night , members go on a ten-mile climb. The most recent day of the camp is the most critical part . On the third day , there was a criticism meeting whereby members have been gotten some information about the camp. The co-curricular unit of SMK Tun Mamat had the option to complete this camp effectively on account of the high duty and devotion all things considered and understudies.

How to Ask for a Recommendation Letter COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

How to Ask for a Recommendation Letter COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog As part of the SIPA application, applicants are required to submit at two letters of recommendation. When it comes to submitting these letters, applicants often ask what makes a “good” letter of recommendation. Who should I ask? How do I approach a potential recommender? Well no more fretting. SIPA Admissions is here to help you answer all those questions with a comprehensive guide to letters of recommendation. Who should I ask? The SIPA application is looking for students who show an ability to thrive in a policy grad school and into their future careers. A letter of recommendation is the perfect submission for a person to help create that narrative for an applicant. The letter of recommendation should be completed by someone who knows an applicant’s ability and potential in the work place and academically. That person can be anyone who’s worked with you in a professional manner including former professors, bosses, colleagues, or even people you supervised. We don’t suggest that recommenders be people who know you personally but not professionally. How should I ask a recommender? The ask can be the hardest part of the recommendation letter process. During the ask, you want to be able to provide your recommender with as much information needed to write a recommendation letter that shows why you would be a good fit for SIPA and your prospective career. So preparing for the information is just as important as actually asking. This can include information on the SIPA website on the type of student the school is looking for, information on the type of career you will be seeking after SIPA, and much more. It would also be helpful to provide your recommender with a resume when asking them to write a letter so can get the full breadth of who you are as a professional and see parts of your professionalism they may not get the chance to know in the aspect that they work with you. So you’ve gathered all the information and now it’s time to actually ask your recommender to write a letter for you. When you ask, you can email but it may be better to meet with them in person so you can explain why you are asking them specifically, why you are applying to SIPA, and what you’re hoping to gain from SIPA that can bring you to your future career. No matter the medium of your request, be sure to explain your interest in the program and provide them with copies of useful information. Reminding a recommender? If a recommender hasn’t sent in their letter yet and it’s close to the deadline, it is always fine to remind them to send it in. You can send them an email and remind them of the date your application is due. Be sure to explicitly remind them that they have a recommendation letter to send. Feel free to have a few back up options for recommenders if you’re cutting it close on the application deadline.

Audit Risk in the Brave New World - 3187 Words

Audit amp; taxation | Audit Risk in the Brave New World | Audit Risk Model | | | 6/27/2010 | Submitted To: MR. Asim Khan Submitted By Bilal Khalid INTRODUCTION The audit risk model has provided a conceptual framework for auditing practice for more than 40 years. Despite practical difficulties in implementation and criticisms of its theoretical foundation, the model has been fairly effective in helping auditors analyze risks and use that analysis to determine the nature, timing, and extent of audit procedures (especially substantive procedures) in audits of financial statements. The audit risk model provides a conceptual framework for the risk assessment standards. In recent years, auditors have tried to apply the†¦show more content†¦These are: * ISA 315, Understanding the Entity and its Environment and Assessing the Risks of Material Misstatements * ISA 330, The Auditor s Procedures in Response to Assessed Risks * ISA 500 (Revised), Audit Evidence. The requirements in these newly-issued risk standards represent significant changes to the standards governing audits of financial statements. They enable the auditors to focus more clearly on areas where there is a greater risk of misstatement of the financial statements. The belief is that these risk standards will increase audit quality. This is as a result of better risk assessments through a more detailed understanding of the entity and its environment, including internal control, and improved design and performance of audit procedures to respond to assessed risks of material misstatements. The improved linkage of audit procedures and assessed risks is expected to result in a greater concentration of audit effort on areas where there is a greater risk of material misstatements. The scope of each of the risk standards is reflected in the introduction to the standards, and can be summarized as follows. ISA 315 This standard provides guidance on performing audit procedures to obtain a broader understanding of the entity and its environment, including its internal control, and on assessing risks of material misstatement. The IAASB recognises that there may be specific considerations relevant to the audit of smallShow MoreRelatedManaging Innovation2575 Words   |  11 Pagesother similar terminologies: 3 Benefits and limitations of Innovation: 3 Innovation Audit: 4 Benefits of being more innovative: 5 Managerial Style for Innovation: 6 Climate of Innovative Organization: 8 REFERENCES 9 Introduction: Innovation is a common phenomenon among the organizations around the world in the current business scenarios. Finding a new solution to an existing product, process, services, technologies or ideas and meet the newerRead MoreAccountants Liability to Third Parties7127 Words   |  29 Pageshold an accountant liable for the accountants negligence. 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It was the first to launch 3G services in Malaysia as known as Maxis3G in July 2005, and in September 2006, it became among the world s first to use HSDPA, a high-speed upgrade of its 3G network, to provide wireless broadband services. It was the first operator to bring the BlackBerryâ„ ¢ and Apple iPhoneâ„ ¢ smart phones to Malaysia. The company in April 2009 unveiled the first commercialRead MoreCoca Cola Sabco12641 Words   |  51 Pagesfirst democratic elections in South Africa in 1994, the opportunity arose for Sabco to invest beyond South Africa s borders. In 1995, Sabco was appointed an Anchor Bottler of The Coca-Cola Company (TCCC), and Coca-Cola Sabco was born to reflect the new partnership. The major shareholders in this private company remain Gutsche Family Investments and TCCC. The CCS Group is an exclusive bottler of Coca-Cola products. 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What Is Chemical Engineering

Chemical engineering sits at the nexus between science and technology. Its one of the major engineering disciplines. Take a look at what exactly chemical engineering is, what chemical engineers do, and how to become a chemical engineer. What Is Chemical Engineering? Chemical engineering is applied chemistry. It is the branch of engineering concerned with the design, construction, and operation of machines and plants that perform chemical reactions to solve practical problems or make useful products. It starts in the lab, much like science, yet progresses through the design and implementation of a full-scale process, its maintenance, and methods of testing and improving it. What Is a Chemical Engineer? Like all engineers, chemical engineers use math, physics, and economics to solve technical problems. The difference between chemical engineers and other types of engineers is that they apply knowledge of chemistry in addition to other engineering disciplines. Chemical engineers sometimes are called universal engineers because their scientific and technical mastery is so broad. You could consider a chemical engineer to be a type of engineer who knows a lot of science. Another perspective is that a chemical engineer is a practical chemist. What Do Chemical Engineers Do? Some chemical engineers make designs and invent new processes. Some construct instruments and facilities. Some plan and operate facilities. Chemical engineers also make chemicals. Chemical engineers have helped develop atomic science, polymers, paper, dyes, drugs, plastics, fertilizers, foods, petrochemicals, pretty much everything you can imagine. They devise ways to make products from raw materials and ways to convert one material into another useful form. Chemical engineers can make processes more cost-effective or more environmentally friendly or more efficient. Chemical engineers also teach, work with the law, write, create new companies, and perform research. As you can see, a chemical engineer can find a niche in any scientific or engineering field. While the engineer often works in a plant or lab, shes also found in the boardroom, office, classroom, and out at field locations. Chemical engineers are in high demand, so they typically command higher salaries than chemists or other types of engineers. What Skills Does a Chemical Engineer Need? Chemical engineers work in teams, so an engineer needs to be able to work and communicate  with others. Chemical engineers study mathematics, energy and mass transfer, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, separation technology, matter and energy balances, and other topics of engineering, plus they study chemical reaction kinetics, process design, and reactor design. A chemical engineer needs to be analytical and meticulous. Someone who is great at chemistry and math and loves solving problems would enjoy the discipline. Typically chemical engineering progresses to a masters degree because theres so much to learn. More About Chemical Engineering If youd like to learn more about chemical engineering, start with reasons to study it. View the chemical engineer job profile and learn how much money an engineer makes. Theres also a handy list of types of jobs in chemical engineering.

The Role of Climate Change on Our Nation’s Infrastructure System Free Essays

string(66) " swerve our oil use, co2 emanations, and increase productiveness\." The Role of Climate Change on Our Nation’s Infrastructure System Introduction: Infrastructure plays a critical function in everybody’s day-to-day life, but most people don’t recognize merely how extended that function truly is. Whether it’s going from one topographic point to another, utilizing power, imbibing tap H2O, or blushing a lavatory substructure helps us populate our lives to the criterion that we have become used to and maintain our economic system traveling. There are many factors that need to be considered when measuring the current and future province of substructure wellness. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Climate Change on Our Nation’s Infrastructure System or any similar topic only for you Order Now One factor is the consequence of a altering clime, but it is hard to gauge merely how it will impact our substructure system since its hereafter impacts can merely be loosely anticipated. In this paper I will look into the function substructure plays in the aiding and deterring of clime alteration, the current and future province of our substructure and how climate alteration can impact it, and possible solutions through invention in policy and support to assist minimise the effects. History of Support: Ever since President Woodrow Wilson signed the Federal-Aid Road Act in 1916, the nature and extent of the federal authorities in the edifice, maintaining, and support of the corporate states surface substructure system has been broad ranging. The 1916 act launched the Federal-Aid Highway Program, every bit good as presenting the States with grants to assist in the building of roads that would be used in mail bringing. The mandate of the National System of Interstate and Defense Highways and the creative activity of the Federal Highway Trust Fund in 1956 marked a dramatic heightening of the Federal governments’ impact in the creative activity of the nation’s roadways by making the model for a national route system and a support system for roads to be created [ 1 ] . The basic construction for federal support of substructure was set up so that federal financess could be granted to the States by undertakings submitted for blessing, and so if the programs were approved for the financess they would have a part of cost, and the remainder of the support is required by the State and local authoritiess that need the undertaking completed [ 2 ] . Since so most federal support has been granted though extensions of old Acts of the Apostless and the procedure of how assistance is given has remained largely unchanged over this clip. A cardinal ground for the age of many substructure systems is due to the aggressive disbursement on substructure that was initialized in the late 1930’s through the early 1940’s by President Roosevelt, normally referred to as the New Deal Programs, which used big sums of federal financess to make the footing of many of our roadway and electrical systems. Much of the substructure built during this clip has non been undated since it was originally built. The sum of support for substructure has varied over clip but it has been at a degree under what it needed to be at to supply a strong and efficient system. Through history there has been a spread between what was needed for substructure and what was really spent. On mean merely about 2.4 % of our GDP is spent on substructure in America. To compare, Europe spends about 5 % and China spends about 9 % of their GPD on their substructure. This deficiency of disbursement and development in substructure has led to our current ranking of 15Thursday, out of the 32 OECD states, in footings of our overall satisfaction of our roads and main roads [ 2 ] . Current province of Infrastructure: The systems of substructure in America are presently in one of the poorest provinces in the country’s history. The American Society of Civil Engineers ( ASCE ) release a study card rating at least 12 of the country’s substructure systems every four old ages traveling back to 1998, in that clip they have released 5 study cards with the most recent being in 2013. The overall GPA of our country’s substructure has been given a class of D three times and a D+ two times, with the 2013 study card giving a D+ . A hapless and inefficient substructure system is non merely insecure, but it besides exacerbates fuel and energy ingestion, creates extra injury to the environment through pollution and taint, and besides wastes people’s clip and money. ASCE estimates that the sum of support needed to increase each class to a class of a B, considered to be in a ‘good’ province, by 2020 is $ 3.6 trillion. However, the estimated support by 2020 for all the classs is estimated to be merely about $ 2 trillion, go forthing a $ 1.6 trillion support spread which will surly take to an substructure province that is at a comparable degree that we see now [ 3 ] . With an expected substructure province to stay in hapless conditions, an added challenge in the appraisal of future impacts by clime alteration on substructure arise when finding how pieces and parts that are already stressed and aged will react to climate alteration. We can analyze how new parts will respond by preforming trial in labs to imitate clime alteration effects on them to see how the rates of impairment could perchance play out over clip, but seeking to detect how fast the altering rates of parts that have been used over the past decennaries is difficult to precisely quantify. Infrastructure and Climate Change: Infrastructure plays a big function in our nursery gas emanations and depending on the conditions of the system it can either assist us in the chase of diminishing emanations or it can be an added releaser of emanations. Many of the solutions to the jobs in our substructure system besides have the potency to assist out other jobs in the system every bit good as to assist diminish our usage of fossil fuels. An efficient transit substructure system is critical to assist swerve our oil use, co2 emanations, and increase productiveness. You read "The Role of Climate Change on Our Nation’s Infrastructure System" in category "Essay examples" Traffic congestion on roads consequences in 1.9 billion gallons of gasolene to be burned per twelvemonth, and the costs to drivers is over $ 100 billion in wasted fuel and lost clip. A new and efficient air traffic control systems we would salvage around 3 billion gallons of jet fuel a twelvemonth from being wasted [ 1 ] . On the other manus if w e increase people’s ability to use public transit and mass transit services the positive effects could ruffle through many countries of transit and public wellness. Increased usage of public and aggregate transit would assist to maintain autos off the route, particularly during peak transposing times. This would hold the consequence of non merely cut downing traffic conditions, which would assist to relieve some of the otiose gasolene that’s burned while waiting in traffic, but to besides halt the combustion of gasolene by all the people who normally drive a auto. With less people really on the roads, the conditions of the roadways will be maintained for a longer clip, which once more has the consequence of cut downing traffic and wasted gas burned while waiting in traffic. Plus, taking more autos off the route during the early hours should assist to cut down the sum of smog formation in some high-dense metropoliss. Most of the effects of clime alteration will hold some impacts on different countries of the substructure system. A big factor to the substructure system is the addition in big precipitation events, an addition in planetary sea degrees, and the addition in utmost conditions events [ 4 ] . With increasing events of big precipitation our dikes, imbibing and waste H2O systems, and levees will all be subjected to new stressors that can worsen the procedure of early weakness and pre-mature impairment [ 5 ] . Sing the mean age of all the states dams to be 52 old ages old, and that approximately 17 % of them are considered high risky, the emphasis from the addition of flows coming in from affiliated H2O ways added to the addition of heavy deposits that big precipitation events bring into the H2O system which hurt the overall wellness of a dike, their length of service is expected to diminish. The imbibing and waste H2O systems is expected to endure from many of the same emphasis as dike wil l, except the excess H2O will besides be coming from our sewerage system so that big urban countries will see big impacts from the high sum of paving that helps funnel excess sums of H2O into the system. Large sums of precipitation and the addition of the sea degree will stretch our levee system with added stressors that can give a possible harmful failure that could be every bit annihilating as a dam failure. Both dikes and levees hold back H2O that could potentially deluge most of the coastal and low lying countries. Extreme conditions events are the chief causes for many of the energy grid power breaks. Breaks can be caused from knocked over tree limbs on power lines, implosion therapy of transmittal Stationss, to the devastation of grapevine subdivisions [ 3 ] . In America, our substructure is presently in an abysmal province, and with support for the hereafter projected to hardly cover half of what it will take to convey it into a good province it is safe to state that it will go on to let down. Decision and How to Continue: The chief stressors associated with substructure development are from the continual lacking of support and an overall absence of a big scale leading function in footings of establishing when and what undertakings are taken on so to most expeditiously finish staying undertakings so that their benefits will assist other unfinished undertakings or won’t be negated because of unfinished undertakings. All of the systems of substructure are connected ; the quality of H2O downstream of a river is effected by the quality that has been put out upstream and if a main road outside a metropolis has awful route conditions people and concern are less likely to go and devour in that metropolis even if the city’s roads have all merely been repaved. With this in head, the manner we choose the following set of undertakings to undergo demand to be picked with careful consideration to how its betterments will impact other undertakings still necessitating completed. The ability to implement this sort of planning is presently really hard though, because support is progressively being moved from big supervising body’s to smaller and smaller 1s. Federal support for substructure investings have been continuously shriveling over the past twosome decennaries which has led to the States, and progressively even more so the local and municipality authoritiess that are forced to come up with the support spread. With a lessening in centralisation of undertaking planning, along with an addition of undertakings that have to be delayed due to miss of financess that need to come from the fighting provinces budgets or till adequate financess can be raised by a local or municipality authorities, the ability now to integrate a program for phasing in different undertakings is acquiring progressively harder. When be aftering the range and particulars of a given undertaking factors such as sustainability, resilience, and the continual care and up-keep demand to be primary for any planning of substructure. The transit systems, H2O intervention systems, and flood control systems being built today must be able to account for both current and future challenges that are likely to be confronting them. Infrastructure needs to be built with future population motion in head as good, so when new systems are built or betterments are made to the bing substructure it needs to be able to manage tonss much greater than what it presently needed or a design for a system needs to be scaled so it’s merely responsible for a smaller population denseness. In add-on, funding for research and development at all degrees need to be implemented so the development of new and of all time more efficient methods and stuffs for the edifice and maintaining of substructure can go on. Future development besides needs to let for easier and cheaper betterments and ascents over the clip of its usage. Future care can be done more easy if they are built to let replacing over different clip intervals so that when it comes clip for the necessary betterments to be made it doesn’t demand to be all at the same clip. While funding demands to be increased from both private and public sectors, the users of the substructure demand to larn and besides pay the appropriate monetary value for them to utilize it. Mentions [ 1 ] ( 2012 ) â€Å"Highway Funding.† Congressional Digest. Volume 91, Issue 7, pp. 194, 195, 224. [ 2 ] ( 2012 ) â€Å"Surface Transportation Policy.† Congressional Digest. Volume 91, Issue 7, pp. 196-199. [ 3 ] ( 2013 ) â€Å"2013 Report Card for America’s Infrastructure.† [ 4 ] IPCC, 2007: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working. Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, M.L. Parry, O.F. Canziani, J.P. Palutikof, P.J. new wave der Linden and C.E. Hanson, Eds. , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 7-22. [ 5 ] Hall, David. â€Å" Corps of Engineers ‘ Studies Will Inform Response to Climate Change. †Civil EngineeringJuly-Aug. 2013: 20-23. Print [ 6 ] IPCC, 2007: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2007: Extenuation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment. Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [ B. Metz, O.R. Davidson, P.R. Bosch, R. Dave, L.A. Meyer ( explosive detection systems ) ] , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. [ 7 ] IPCC, 2013: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [ Stocker, T.F. , D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S. K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley ( eds. ) ] . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. [ 8 ] ( 2011 ) â€Å"Failure to Act: The Impact of Current Infrastructure Investment On America’s Economic Future.† How to cite The Role of Climate Change on Our Nation’s Infrastructure System, Essay examples

Cultural Conservation Essay Example For Students

Cultural Conservation Essay One problem with Cultural Conservation Essay: To put it simply, and its not a problems that only conservatives very often confuse (or conflate ethics and aesthetics. When Gertrude Himmererfarf lambastes out (as she perceives it) amoral, sexually deviant and polymorpously perverse culture she is primarily responding to something that she finds culturally foreign and aesthetically threatening. I agree with her that values are oftentimes a good thing, but only when they are born of an ethical and pragmatic perspective, not an aesthetic one. The conservatives want a seemingly neat and compartment society wherein stable appearances are maintained and archaic cultural archetypes are adhered to religiously. I grew up in a world of cultural archetypes. I grew up with white businessmen going to office buildings while their wives stayed at home and their kids went to school. or , more accurately, I grew up with alcoholic, adulterous business men who lives culturally insular lives while their wives took sedatives and smoked cigarettes and vented their frustrations on there kids, and these same kids took reams of drugs, got abortions, drove drunk, and victimized the weaklings. I grew up in what most conservatives would consider a utopia; lots of money, prestige, cultural cohesion, and good conservative values. But their values were in fact aesthetics, and maintaining these aesthetics ruled and ruined their lives. Almost everyone in this suburban bourgeoisie system hated their lives, but because they had been brought up to worship aesthetic myths they felt that to question them was an admission of personal failure. What are these myths? theyre old and platitudinal but Ill trot on them again: thats money makes you happy, that society is right and that poverty is bad, that maintaining convention in every aspect of your life is the ultimate good, that aberrance from these ideas is sin. ect. Im not going to say that the polar opposites of the clich;s is true, that would be one of the failings of the radical left. I believe that for the most part these criteria are irrelevant. Money can make life easier, but it also can make life miserable. Poverty can be bad but it can also be fine. Convention has some good points and some bad points. What it all comes down to is flexibility that should allow for the well being of the individual without compromising the rights of other individuals. When conservatives trot out their litany of evils-homosexuality, single parent families, multiculturalism, ect. Im always asking why?. If people are happy being gay then whets wrong with that? it may be a lifestyle thats aesthetically different from what weve been brought up with, but so what? and single parent families? better a loving single parent family than a conventional family wherein the parents hate each other and the father is a demagogue. One reason that we have such a wide variety of alternative lifestyles is that the conventional lifestyles that the conservatives champion are often quite flawed and restrictive. Restrictive mores can be terrific when applied to peoples violent impulses, but restrictiveness is terribly unhealthy when its used to get people to conform to arbitrate social archetypes. This restrictiveness can make people feel inadequate and inferior and it needs to be done away with. If someones gay, let them be gay. If your son wants to marry a black woman (or white or yellow or Muslim) then let the,. We need to love each other and support each other even if we choose to live in alternatives but harmless ways. Obviously if your son is a rapist or a wifebeater or a child molester then you need to question your support of his actions and values. Im not championing a retreat for responsibility. PRO-GAY MARRIAGE IN AMERICA Essay I believe that personal and social well being is built upon and foundation of hard work, loyalty, honesty, diligence, respect, tolerance, and other good values. But it doesnt matter what the cultural manifestation of the values looks like. It can be straight or gay or male or female or black or white or anything as long as its respectful and makes the practitioner feel well. So my advise to cultural conservatives (and others) would be to cultivate an approach to values based on principles rather than aesthetics. I would also like to say that any pronouncements on the values of others, especially pronouncements veering into the pre-scriptive realm, need to be cautious, pragmatic, logical and not just the typically hateful and reactionary vacuities that weve grown so accustomed to. .

Ashley 1920 Mumbo Jumbo Essays (726 words) - American Writers

Ashley Altidort Professor Keene Recent Trends in AM Fict February 25 , 2017 The 1920's Mumbo Jumbo An age of dramatic social and political change, the 1920s was the time to be. Coast-to-coast, w omen demanded more freedom, became more sexually "free" compared to their past generations, and now held the option to vote. America's economy was booming in acceleration due to their ability to provide for World Wa r I and with the new inventions, invoking a birth of mass culture. Generating from Southern states, an influx of African Americans migrated to Northern states, creating the influential Jazz Age. It allowed African Americans to not only express how they felt musically but also perform countrywide. However, the era's social tension also spoke grand measures in the infamous period , like the prohibition law that banned the manufacture and sale of liquor, but encouraged and created speakeasies, an illegal bar. Finally yet importantly, a cultural civil war broke out because some parties failed to agree with African Americans growth both socially and economically . Society 's morals and values began to chang e as Blacks chose to migrate from the countryside to the city while the nation's wealth and growth triplicated. Granting women the option to vote allowed "new w omen " to prove to men that they are of equal superiority and will not tolerate abuse and impudence. They did as they pleased without the approval of their significant other, such as dressing more provocatively, educating themselves, and occupying the city in search of jobs to avoid what they were used to, being a typical at-home wife . The availability of birth control devices, like the diaphragm, also allowed women to have more control and structure over their own life, something that's been uncommon for most . Haitian lw as , present in Reed's "Mumbo Jumbo, were voodoo masters that did black magic and always arose suspicion within the community due to the magic's inexplicability . I n Mumbo Jumbo by Ishmael Reed , Papa LaBas, which translates to "Papa's over there" is a voodoo ritualist that practiced the religion of voodoo and was rumored to do magic on people who attempted to insult the black culture/community. "A warehouse burned after it refused to deliver a special variety of herbs to his brownstone headquarters and mind haberdashery where he sized up his clients to fit their souls. His headquarters are derisively called Mumbo Jumbo Kathedral by his critics." (Reed 23) To further emphasize Papa LaBas's strength and power, Reed described a former experience where when Papa LaBas didn't get what he wanted , the supplier payed the price. To recognize the virus Warren Harding called the livelihood of the African American s in the 1920s , Reed used "Jes Grew", insinuating that African American culture "just grew" according to the whites surrounding African Americans. Jes Grew , " sleeps after the night of howling, speaking-in-tongues, dancing to drums; watching strange lights streak across the sky." (Reed 17) Reed uses a metaphor to compare the African American culture to a fierce beast that seems to sleep at night and dances to the sound of their drums, speaking in their own native language . However, the excitement and freedom African Americans sought through "Jes Grew" of course , created pr oblems within white supremacists, so they made any attempt to try to deteriorate Jes Grew , even insult ing Haiti 's image . Ishmael Reed 's "Mumbo Jumbo , " consisted of both fiction and history, depicted a story about a viral breakout of black culture , called "Jes Grew"- including song, ebonics, and dance , being spread throughout America,. Mainly because it was uncommon to those who didn't practice it, the virus induced enough confusion and rage to have groups of people aim to end it because it seemed impractical and was viewed negatively. Reed portrayed an important period for African Americans in the 1920s as a virus because in the 1920s, the African American social and economic growth was viewed as such, so hate groups like the KKK made attempts to stop them, and in the novel it was the Wallflower Order . In comparison with all the other novels

Is Female Perception of the Body Image Affected by the Media

Is Female Perception of the Body Image Affected by the Media Here is an overview of the body-image issue. Read how magazines and fashion industry determine the standards of the female body. Mass Media Effect on How We Perceive Ourselves America certainly has many problems in its own society – institutionalized racism, poverty, ignorance, teen pregnancy and drug addiction. But another major problem lies within the work of the media, the main means of mass communication (broadcasting, publishing, and the Internet) regarded collectively. The media, whether we realize it or not, dictates what we let into our lives; this certainly affects how we perceive ourselves – because we compare ourselves, and are compared, to celebrities and other people we see in the media. ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY EXAMPLE: DOES VIOLENCE IN THE MEDIA CAUSE VIOLENCE IN CHILDREN? Most times, these celebrities are quite perfect-looking individuals, and so everyday people can have a low self-esteem because of new low body image – and this definitely applies to many adults and most teens, male and female alike. However, in this case, an argument will be made that illustrates how media influence the female perception of the body image. Magazine Pics Install a Lack of Confidence Let’s look at how females are portrayed in publications and on the Internet. Go to a magazine stand – you’ll see attractive, strikingly beautiful women on just about every cover. It’s sickening. This definitely over-sexualizes and objectifies the female beauty. But it’s been that way a long time, though that doesn’t justify why it still exists. Also, on the Internet, in newspaper ads and on billboards in dodgy parts of town, are billions of erotic pictures and videos of women. For young girls and insecure women, this instills a lack of confidence in their own appearance, and a body-image problem emerges. This problem could last a lifetime; maybe it’s the reason they hit the gym, get elective surgery or buy an expensive Italian sports car. Thanks to the media, the American public – heck, the world, too – adores so many of the same people, actors, athletes, and billionaires, that the public feels lost in the midst of things – they feel overlooked, irrelevant and worthless. You are imperfect, permanently and inevitably flawed. And you are beautiful. ? Amy Bloom Secondly, non-skinny, non-model-type women do appear on magazine covers, though, but they are usually overweight, maybe handsome and funny or overweight, plain looking and rich – like Queen Latifah, Oprah, Amy Schumer and Melissa McCarthy. This is terrible for a woman’s body image because it illustrates how – if you are an average-looking woman, maybe a little chubby, without a fortune, and not an actor or media mogul – you aren’t important enough to be on the cover of a magazine. Not that this means anything in the grand scheme of things, but it does happen and will continue to happen as long as the media is running the show and influencing people. Here’s the thing: wealthy billionaires run the media companies, mostly financially supported by the advertiser who depends on the consumer’s purchasing power. A woman with a low body image buys the products advertised to them in commercials hosted by beautiful bombshells of women. They purc hase many things advertised to them in order to fill the void they have created for themselves, deeply instilled by the media. People Can’t Take Their Own Mediocrity Lastly, the two aforementioned points illustrate how media influence the female perception of the body image, and this causes the everyday woman – bombarded by advertisements, commercials, magazine covers, Web articles – to feel inferior to the women they see on TV and in the movies. This is a terrible thing, for it tends to warp the minds of insecure people, men, and women alike, who aren’t confident and comfortable in their own skin, with their own imperfect appearance and body. This is quite tragic. This is perhaps why we still see suicides and homicidal rampages, alcoholic and drug binges – they can’t take their own mediocrity, their lack of celebrity, their ordinariness. We are trained to think, in this culture, that we are nothing if we are not of some renown. TV HAS A NEGATIVE EFFECT ON TEENAGERS To conclude, let’s try hard to address this problem in the future. It’s easy to see how media influence the female’s perception of how they view their bodies, their looks. Women probably assess their value in comparison to the beauty or style or sexual features of a famous female. And because most everyday women in America do not look like Jennifer Aniston or Angelina Jolie, many women feel inadequate and inferior and undesirable. Until the media actively tries to include the everyday American woman in advertisements, magazine covers, billboards and TV shows, America will have this problem – and it could have many socio-economic implications that could point to a shift in confidence, along with many mental-health and low self-esteem problems.

Annotated Bibliography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 9

Annotated Bibliography - Essay Example The theory profoundly affects the international students or the students who study abroad. The students tend to acquire a different identity and personality when they go to foreign countries. They acquire personalities and identities similar to those of the destination country as they spend most of their time with the native students. In conceptualizing psychology defines the social identity theory as the self-construct and self-referential, the concept of who someone is. The social identity theory explains the observable differences in behavior of an individual as a person and the same individual as a member of a group. Karkouti (2014) explores the psychological social identity theory and its effects on the behavior of an individual. The link between the group and the individual starts with the concept of self-bounded cognitive schema that is a form of implicit identity. The cognitive schema as stated by Karakouti (2004) consists of several issues about self. The cognitive concepts are of two types namely the core concepts and the peripheral concepts. The core concepts are those that allow individuals to maintain their enduring personality while the peripheral concepts are those that allow an individual to be in a position to adapt to various situations. The core concepts of self-cognition helps in constraining the individual and promote selective processing and interpretation of information thus preserving a stable and a more enduring personal identity (Karakouti, 2004). Imamura, M., & Zhang, Y. B. (2014). Functions of the common ingroup identity model and acculturation strategies in intercultural communication: American host nationals’ communication with Chinese international students. International Journal Of Intercultural Relations, 43(Part B), 227-238. Imamura & Zhang (2014) describes the relevance and the effects of social identity theory on the foreign students. The social identity affects the culture,

Saudi and the western style education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Saudi and the western style education - Essay Example A lot of research has shown a greater effect of Saudi customs, laws, and traditions, on Saudi women than of the religion Islam. Since both religion and culture play a decisive role in the establishment of social practices in Saudi Arabia, one factor cannot be separated from the other as their function is mutual. Consideration of religion would distract the research from its focus. There is a variety of cultural beliefs and traditions that are observed by the different families and communities in Saudi Arabia. Predominantly tribal communities are more conservative in their traditions. This is evident in terms of segregation of sexes directed at reducing sexual temptation and maintaining chastity and modesty. Central regions in Saudi Arabia are more particular about enforcing strict laws related to sex segregation compared to the Eastern Province. Role of Saudi women is more determined by culture compared to tribal families’ tradition or religion. For instance, while Bahrain and Kuwait are Gulf countries comprising tribal families, the two countries do not place restrictions on women from participating in the public life just as Saudi Arabia does. It can thus be said that women’s status and their expected behavior is a consequence of Saudi Arabia’s unique culture. Although this strict segregation has prevailed in the universities, yet this trend has started to change gradually. High-walled universities admit female students who can freely walk around inside the campus. In fact, the primary function of these high walls is to provide the women with security and independence to move around freely. The first women’s university in Saudi Arabia was opened in 1979. Ever since, more universities have been opened for women, though women still have generally lesser educational choices than what are available to men. For example, women have to choose more restricted professions or majors

Change In The Organization Weatherford International Ltd Management Essay

Change In The Organization Weatherford International Ltd Management Essay This study is focused on the topic management of change in organization. The basic learning outcome of this assignment is related to understand the change management process in organization. For this assignment the company chosen is Weatherford International Ltd. First of all the background of change that exists in todays economies and organisations is discussed. Then the key strengths and weaknesses of autocratic organisation are given in bullet points. After that the last part of first task, organisational development and its alternative forms are discussed in detail. Then the key stakeholders are identified from the Weatherford International and some of the tools and techniques to involve them in the change management process are suggested. Under the change management model topic, comparison of three major change management models is given, and then Kotters change management was suggested and discussed in detail for the implementation of on-going change in Weatherford Internationa l. The last section of this assignment is for the conclusion and some of the recommendations for chosen company. Background of change From the last decade, the world is changing dramatically than ever before. A chain of interrelated national trades in which businesses compete with each other on a really global basis. Maximum organizations are experiencing considerable changes in the manner they are managed do trading. These changes are influenced by many factors such as the degree of globalisation, changing technology, political, social economic changes at numerous different stages. These changes are happening speedily, unwillingly companies would never be the similar in structure or practice as a consequence. The continuous advancement in technology such as internet, communications technologies has made the world as a global village. Because of the several communication and collaboration tools, concept of virtual organization has emerged and physical presence is getting less important. The other influencing factor is the changing role of international bodies like world trade organization and international monet ary fund (IMF). The IMF has forced many countries to go through economic reforms. Because of the increasing globalization, many multinational companies are choosing the strategic business options of mergers and acquisitions, strategic alliances which have changed the way of doing businesses. The chosen organization for this study Weatherford International has also been gone through many mergers and acquisitions activities over last two decades. Few other change factors are like change in the consumers lifestyles and taste, competitive pressure to cut costs through economies of scale, use of outsourcing strategies for operational activities to low cost countries etc. Bureaucratic Organisation Max Weber first used the word bureaucracy. According to him, bureaucratic organisation is an official business with standardized set of rules and procedures which everyone within the organisation should follow. Though Weber had advocated this form of organisation structure, there are some disadvantages as well. Some of the strengths and weaknesses of bureaucratic organisation are discussed below. Strengths Bureaucratic organisation has got more control and monitoring through centralization system of decision making. Decision making is easy process by top management As processes are standardized, everyone has to follow the procedures and rules. Defined hierarchy of organization structure and clear rules and norms Weaknesses Due to its rigid structure, lot of chance of inefficiencies. Lack of innovation and flexibility Lesser employee participation and involvement Poor channel of communication and it is time consuming Delaying change or adaption Organization Development Organization Development (OD) theoretically defined as the planned efforts to bring change in organization to control and manage processes and people more effectively. It is also defined by another theorist as the fundamental change to fix the problems or improving the process or procedure. This OD program is specific for organization such as one change which is more relevant for one company and it is totally irrelevant for the other. Thus, this OD program is specifically applicable for particular organization. These are few objectivise of OD programs which shows that these program vary according to specific situation, but the objective of OD program remain same consistent. The alternative forms of organisational development are discussed below Quality development The first form of organisational development is through continuous quality improvements. The quality development can be achieved through various quality management systems like Total Quality Management, Six Sigma, Kizen, Quality Circles. This form focuses on four areas including customer, employee involvement, result based decision making, and integrated quality improvements. Now a day many of the organisations are adopting this form of organisational development. Technological development The increasing use of Internet, electronic mail Web conferencing tools have formed the capability of working together through time space within among the organizations. The technological development has renovated the organizational atmosphere and also the arena of Organization Development. At present there are 3 generally known technology application in organisational development: 1. Measurable, database valuation tools, like surveys feedback from members of staff. 2. Communications, collaborations and teamwork, which also include information sharing, document management. 3. Development of employees management through online training. OD specialists using technology more and more in their everyday work. Structural development This form of organizational development include variations in how the whole work of an organisation is distributed into different parts, reporting structure, means of control, the structure and arrangement of tools individuals, work flow measures etc. The structural development also includes removing or adding layer of hierarchy in the organization, restructuring through downsizing or redundancy, centralization or decentralization. This form redesigns the structures of organization and creates new relationships which results into improved performances. In order to cope with the changes in external environments, organization has to respond with making appropriate structural changes. The various organisational development interventions are as follows- Survey feedback: Through this activity, managers can get the important information and data about the various aspects related to employees. The data and information received through this form on employees attitude, their salary/wages level, working hours and conditions and also the relations with the employees is provided to the upper management. The top executives analyse the data and catch out the problems, assess the outcomes develop the alternatives to solve the problem. Process Consultation: Under this organizational development activity the process consultant meets various work teams and department members, interacts with them and detects the problem solving ways. The process consultant then provides the team with the data, information gathered via interactions, coaching, individual counselling and observations for shaping the behaviour of team members. Setting Goals Planning: Goals and plans are set by every department within an organization for productivity profitability. They send these goals and plans to the upper level. The top management then send them back to each division for further modification and after some amendments the goals for the whole organization are thus set. Managerial grid: The managerial grid classifies a variety of management conduct depending upon the various means that how operations oriented workforce oriented statuses interrelate with each other. These OD intervention emphases on the observations of behaviour in trainings explicitly associated with work. The training participants are motivated assisted to evaluate their own decision-making style. Team building- This organization development intervention consists of an application of several methods of Sensitivity training given on the job to the real working teams in different divisions within the organisation. This training is formulated to develop the skill of workers to work together as team. The organisational development activities discussed above helps in making the change happen smoothly through one of the three organisational development forms (Quality, Technological and structural). My Chosen Company- Weatherford International Ltd Weatherford International Ltd is the public listed company having products and services related to natural gas wells and crude oil processing. It is a multinational company having presence in above 100 countries and more than 43000 workers throughout the Globe. From last twenty years the company has been acquiring many companies. It also had couple of mergers such as Enterra in 1995 and Energy Ventures in 1998. External Drivers of change in Weatherford International Merger and acquisition of so many organizations in past few years forces the company to pursue a change in operations. To follow the financial regulations of SOX, this automation process will provide sufficient security to its information system. To have better customer management and supplier management system the change is needed. Internal drivers of change in Weatherford International Staff utilization is leading Weatherford to change its internal policies. The company was lacking a system for control and status updates. They required an automated solution implementation of an agreement procedure development initiative to back up business process re-engineering develop the working atmosphere. (The Corptax, 2008). Stakeholders The word stakeholder means anyone that has interest in the outcome of a programme/project. A legal, moral or economic stake/interest in an activity. Some stakeholders have more interest than others, but that is also changing. Major stakeholders in Weatherford International Top management- This includes the board of directors Employees: One of the key stakeholders of Weatherford International is employees. This includes the senior managers at corporate offices and the operating staff. Customers: The customers are the key stakeholder group in Weatherford who will affect with the change process. Suppliers: Suppliers are also one of the key stakeholders as they play major role in effective utilisation of resources. Governments- Local authorities and national, international governments Investors- Small and large shareholders General public Environmentalists Among these classified stakeholders the most powerful and influential stakeholder is employees. Among employees there are categories in which, Senior Management at corporate office are most powerful but less impacted by the change. On the other hand the employees of regional division are less powerful and highly impacted by the change. To build the good productive working relationships with the stakeholders, the company first needs to understand the degree of interests and powers of each stakeholder. This can be done by using a stakeholders mapping tool. Secondly to establish a simple and effective communication system by keeping the message and information as simple and short as possible to avoid overload. Show trust and faith in all stakeholder groups. Listen to all the stakeholders carefully. Consulting with the stakeholders is another method by which management can gather information from others by discussing with others about what action to take in particular circumstances. It means finding out their views and opinions before deciding what to do. Effective management of stakeholder relations during a change process calls for early, clear, and consistent communications. All the stakeholders must be properly informed of potential impacts and benefits of the developments and get their engagement in various projects. To the degree possible, try to provide information on the purpose, timing, and nature of the changes proposed; the anticipated environmental and socioeconomic consequences of relevance to specific stakeholder groups; and the ways in which different stakeholder groups can participate in planning, implementation, and monitoring. The actual decision-making process needs to be made more participatory to ensure that all decisions regarding the development are widely supported and understood. Consultation can help the management to identify the priorities which stakeholders have. This can benefit management as it can highlight the factors which are likely to be most important to the stakeholders and to which management should pay most attention. Change management models There are many change models researched and documented by different scholars. For this assignment three change models are discussed including Kanters model, Kotters 8 step transformation model and Lucckes change model. The following comparison of all three models is taken form the Todnem research study. Source: Todnem research study Kanter defines the first step as the analysis of organization and needs for change, Kotters defined as the developing the urgency for change and lastly Luccke defined the identification of business problems. While, these steps are common in among all these three theoretical models shown in above diagram such as creating vision for change, leadership and create policy. Also, According to the research of Todnem organizational change management process is basically divided into following major phase of plan, action, implementation and measure change performance. John Kotters 8 step change model According to Kotters model, the following steps describe the change implementation procedure. Kotters 8 step Change model, Source: www.Leadershiphub.com Business Process re-engineering- This change model was first invented by the duo Michael Hammer and James Champy in 1990. According to them business process re-engineering is not for the smaller changes, rather it is for the radical change. It helps to dramatically improve the different business processes within the organisation such as customer service, reduce operational costs. The role of information technology is vital in implementation of BPR change model. The other change models include- ADKAR model for change- This model depends upon awareness, desire, knowledge, ability and reinforcement. Kubler Ross change model On-going changes in Weatherford International Changes in the business process operations Automation and integration of different processes and workflows Changes in organisations structure due to on-going merger and acquisition activities Implementation of Change Model for on-going change in Weatherford International Ltd Weatherford International Ltd can use either business process re-engineering change model or the Kotters 8 step model to implement on-going changes in the organisation. My suggestion is to implement the Kotters change model which is discussed in detail as below. Step #1: Create the sense of Urgency The step of Kotters model suggests creating sense of urgency among the stakeholders. Unless there is a genuine concern, and the purpose well perceived, the implementation process may not have great implications and the outcome would not match the desired expectations. Primarily, the stakeholders who have greater influence on the business operations, for example, some key employee of Weatherford International Ltd , and in general the rest of them should be motivated, encouraged to participate. Step # 2: Form a Powerful Coalition by identifying key power points. Every organisation has a common culture and values which is shared by almost all the stakeholders including the outsiders such as suppliers and even customers in certain extent. Within this board organisational cultural frame work, there exists sub culture of group of same standing or position. For example: a team of 15 members with its line managers. The line manager can identify a key employee within the team who are influential and have a certain commanding. The line manager can include these members of team and form a strong coalition to influence the others team members. Naturally such a formation would compel others in the team to oblige. Step # 3: Creation of Vision for the Change implementation As much its a fact that plans well drawn help in proper and systematic execution of a project, so is the psychological factor involved in the execution. Every person requires a sense of purpose and share a vision for self- motivation. Change management would not be effective unless a clear vision is shared among the participants. The vision should be associated with better results, improvement in the present system and the benefits that can occur to the participants, and in general. The leaders should consistently engage in sharing the vision, reinstating it through various means. Training can be provided regularly, update ad sharing of vital information on new developments , all these have to be undertaken quite effectively to see desired results. Step # 4: Communicating the Vision through effective channels to the stakeholders Once the vision is identified, it should be clear communicated to the stakeholders of Weatherford International Ltd. The vision should be easily comprehendible even by ordinary person of understanding. It should be able to be broken down or give the clear direction for future action plan, the expectations of the outcome. Training can be provided regularly, update ad sharing of vital information on new developments , all these have to be undertaken quite effectively to see desired results. Ineffective communication channel or vague message would back fire the entire effort, and lead to huge wastage of resources. Step # 5: Remove Obstacles Obstacles are evident to emerge very often, no matter how well the change implementation process in designed to its core. Obstacles should always serve an opportunity to learn more about the challenges of the change process. It would that the organisation remain focused on the design, make appropriate changes to the action plans without losing the focus on the pre determined goals. A proper framework for addressing problems should be setup, each one participating in the system should clearly understand the hierarchy of authority , roles and responsibilities , so that , in the event of unexpected occurrence they should easily be able to resolve or approach the designated forum. Obstacles can be due to changes in the internal factors or external factors influencing the Weatherford International Ltds business operations and organisation. Step # 6: Create Short-term Wins In the change process management, there are objectives which are short term and long term. Weatherford International Ltd should indentify short term tasks, which can be achieved in a shorter duration. When undertaking a radical change process, it always advisable to create short term wins. The wins situation should be communicated with all the stakeholders the small victories would reinstate the faith of the stakeholders in the change system and motivate them in participating actively. This said the system should have a proper framework for to compensate and reward the participants who have actively got involved and have achieved the desired results to promote the change management in the direction. The change management along with proper implementation procedure would also require that employees are recognized within the organisation and accordingly rewarded. As a result, a good performance and sincere indulgence would be associated with personal benefits. Step # 6: Building on the Change Change is not a onetime process, but a continuous effort starting from the day the organisation mandates it until the environment surrounding the organisation is in a state of rest, which is impossible given the dynamics of the factors that influence Weatherford International Ltds business operations. Change process is a continuous effort, evaluate the short terms wins and leverage on it for the next level. Success got at the initial stage should not be considered as the final victory. Step # 6: Anchor the Changes in Corporate Culture In a long term, change management should be imbibed into the main stream organisational culture. In a long and continuous effort of change management, the process should eventually be observed into the main stream culture of the organisation. For changes to be a part and parcel of the organisational culture, the leaders should regularly alert and create awareness about the existence of the change management that is deeply rooted in every organisational activity. The perception of change management should become an inseparable part of the organisational culture in a long run; this in turn would create a platform and facilitate any major undertaking in the future. Expected Improvement after successful implementation of change If the Kotters change model is implemented successfully in the Weatherford International Ltd for the on-going change, there would be some long term benefits. The very first improvement would be in the overall business operations of Weatherford including operational efficiencies, service quality, supply chain management, reduction in wastages and cost of production and thus increase in profits. The other major improvement would be in changing companys strategic vision. The company would have clear long term vision and direction. This would boost the confidence of all stakeholders. The last but most important improvement after the change programme would be the cultural change within the organisation. Basic values and ethics in business operations shaped alongside throughout the change process would be absorbed into the organisational culture. It would serve as motivation and sense of purpose for the employees and other stakeholders to achieve and contribute to the organisational goals. Conclusion Because of the mergers, acquisitions, globalisation, revolutions in information technologies, the world is changing so rapidly. Hence in order to stay competitive, every organisation has to adapt some sort of on-going change programme. It can be concluded from this study that, because of the vibrant nature of todays businesses and world economies, it is imperative for every organisation to implement one of the change models discussed for on-going changes. If the Weatherford International, successfully implements the change programme through Kotters change model, company would receive far more long term benefits and competitive advantages over its competitors. There are some barriers to change such as resistance to change by the stakeholders, not having clear vision for change. So in order to make it happen, company needs to engage its stakeholders through stakeholder mapping process. Stakeholder engagement is a challenge and a complex and time consuming process. Working with and lear ning from other partners and stakeholders can only serve to maximise impact, reduce fatigue and reduce cost. The company would also use the various organisational development forms to make the change process even easier. Recommendations Leadership; Leadership style shows the way the organisation will be managed. The multinational corporation like Weatherford International Ltd, the company leadership should develop a strong vision and positive attitude and culture within the organisation. Empowerment and Delegation- This involves the giving of power to your team members. At Weatherford International teams needed to be empowered by letting them use their own initiatives at tackling tasks that have been awarded to them. This form an effective global structure as it causes all team members to feel very well a part of the decision making process. Effective communication As the company operations are spread over 100 countries, they should develop a strong communication system across whole organisation. Electronic communication and collaboration technology can affect both task and social dynamics positively and negatively. The company need to opt for the latest gadget on the market to enable its team and network perform to standard or above.

Hobson’s Choice Summary Essay

The class divisions of the 1880s are clear to see in the little scene when Alice, Vickey and Hobson find out Maggie intends to marry Willie. Alice says, ‘what you do touches us’ and this is true, as Maggie’s marriage to a man from a lower social class would be seen by many as a disgrace. Hobson says that Willie’s father was a ‘work-house brat’ and that he would be the laughing stock of Salford if he allowed Maggie to marry one of his workmen. At this stage, Maggie does not seem to be thinking about starting up in business on her own, merely working in the shop as before but being paid for it. Willie seems to be a down-trodden, easily intimidated man. He has no doubt been bullied by Hobson for years. Hobson however misunderstands Willie when he takes his belt to him as this physical insult changes Willie immediately who is outrage and, in his temper, kisses Maggie. Hobson is amazed and doesn’t know how to respond. ACT TWO Scene One Act Two opens a month after Maggie and Willie have left Hobson’s. The business is obviously in trouble and Alice and Vickey are finding it hard to manage things without Maggie. We learn that they have lost a lot of their high-class trade. Alice doesn’t know how to organise the work in the workshop and tells Tubby to carry on making clogs. Hobson is spending more of his time in the Moonraker’s. Alice is finding it difficult to balance the books. This brief scene serves to prepare us for the decline of Henry Hobson and the rise of Willie Mossop. Vickey and Alice wish they were married and their plans will soon be furthered as a result of their father’s excessive drinking. Scene Two Maggie announces that she has heard of the relationship between Vickey and Freddy. She sends Freddy to fetch Albert Prosser. Freddy explains that Hobson has fallen down their cellar trap and is unhurt but sound asleep on some bags. Notice how quickly Maggie thinks. She has just met Freddy outside Hobson’s shop and from what he has told her, immediately works out a plan to get money out of Hobson for the weddings of her sisters. Scene Three We learn in this scene that Willie now has his own shop. Maggie is obviously proud of the progress they have made in such a short time. She is determined that Willie will be treated with respect as part of the family and makes her sisters kiss him as a token of their acceptance of the situation. Maggie is also quick to cut Alice down to size when Alice says, scornfully, ‘Willie Mossop was our boot hand’. She is quick to point out that Willie is master of his own business and her sisters are just shop assistants. Maggie announces that she and Willie will be married at one o’clock at St. Philip’s church. She buys a brass ring to use as a wedding ring. This shows that Maggie has her feet firmly on the ground as she is not prepared to waste money on sentiment when they need all the money they can to get their business off the ground. Willie and Maggie use a hand-cart to take away some of Hobson’s old and unused furniture. Alice and Vickey are appalled that Maggie is willing to live in two cellars using secondhand furniture. Alice and Vickey clearly want to start married life with everything new and this shows the difference between them and Maggie. Vickey’s selfish streak is apparent when she sees the two broken chairs Will is carrying out and immediately resents Maggie having them. Maggie has always been confident and in this scene is even more sure of herself. Her language is the language of command. When Alice tries to tell her that she doesn’t know what she is aiming at, Maggie replies swiftly, ‘The difference between us is that I do. I always did’. There are also signs in this scene that Willie is growing in confidence from the timid, frightened, dirty workman who first appeared.

Comparative Analysis of Islamic and Conventional Bank Risk Essay

The decline of the religion has been attributed into modern times with a materialistic culture by the popular wisdom of today, the understanding of religion has embedded this view, as nature having only spiritual limits, and the worldly well being of an individual is very detached in this relation. However, this understanding of Islam religion has been misguided by many of among us in the past, as well as in the present. A critical role has been played by every religion regarding the guidance to survive in a society communally, and in the characterization of different markets of that time. In the religious regards, equal distribution of wealth and debt annulment was preached and emphasized by every religion in the past. The enforcement of the debt bond has been strongly rejected by all the beliefs and the concept of canceling the debt have been upheld by them. In the past, in order to satisfy and fulfill the financial needs of devout and pious Muslims, a concept of money depository was introduced in the Islamic civilization, which has now become a growing phenomenon of the world, that is, around 1. 6 billion Muslims in the world. The macro-economic properties of banking institution have been studies by many economists with relation to an ideal and isolated Islamic economy framework. In modern days, the working of this pioneering financial system is going on very effectively in various parts of the world. In many developed and under-developed countries, the other conventional banking systems are having this unique financing system besides them in every sector of the economy. In this regard, the comparative analysis has been done in this study, which will try to differentiate the Islamic banking system with the Conventional ones. In this study, we will try to understand and clarify the demarcation between the Islamic and Conventional Banking and the risks that are borne by these methods of banking. A financial intermediary having the aims and objectives related to the principles of Islamic law or ‘Shariah’ may be defined as an Islamic Banking System. Consequently, the zero-interest activities and operations are the key features of this distinctive banking system. However, eliminating the transactions based on interest is not the only objective of Islamic banking. The abolishment of all kinds of exploitation is also another aspect of Islamic banking system. In result, a balanced and unbiased social order is established by the system in this regard. Only the role of financier is not played by an Islamic bank. It also works as a partner in the business of an individual. Due to this, the risk between the capital owner and the entrepreneurs is involved by this system. However, the positive result of the collective efforts is also shared by the Islamic banking. Thus, the other conventional banking and interest-based system differs from the Islamic banking, as only the entrepreneur or the owner of the capital bears the risk in the conventional banking, and vice versa. However, the individual and bank shares the abovementioned with each other, which provides the entrepreneur to develop as a whole. In other way, participatory banking name can be given to the Islamic banking in this regard. In the Islamic economics, zero return on capital is not meant by the eliminating process of the interest in this unique banking system, as the pre-determination of a fixed return is forbidden for a certain amount of production in the Islamic laws. The equity based investment principle is followed by the Islamic banks. The contraction of the resources based on deals relating to the sharing of risks, and the ventures of capital is also proposed by the Islamic banking. It has been noted by the economists that economic growth and development of an individual becomes applicable and easy with the vital role that is played by the Islamic banks around the world. We can say that a relationship between finance, commerce, and industry is tried and developed by this exclusive banking system, which differs from the other conventional banking due to these characteristics of its system. The Islamic banking plays its role as an equity-based system, where the pre-determined interest rate is excluded, and the nominal value of deposits is not guaranteed. In result, changing values of the share deposits absorbs the shock to asset position immediately. Therefore, in such system, the assets and liabilities of bank will carry the same real value at all the points. However, in the more traditional and conventional banking system, a diversion can be caused between the real assets and liabilities by such shocks in the process of fixed nominal value of deposits. Therefore, the abovementioned features of this Islamic banking differs it from the traditional and conventional banking system, and so, various levels of risks are borne by these systems. Nowadays, many countries are trying to examine the possibilities of the introduction of an interest-free banking system based on the Islamic laws and principles. It has also been argued and discussed that if the Islamic financial system will be established in the various countries, it will be feasible, but also profitable for the individuals, as well as, the companies as a whole. These days, the truth of interest as an unbearable burden is being realized by the Western countries, as well as, the developing countries around the world. In this regard, all the interests have been waived by the Canada. A similar move has been made by the Australia. The suggestion of waiving off the 30 to 35% of the present interests of the debt has been officially given by the President of France. Therefore, it may be generalized that Islamic Banking and Financing System is a unique and distinctive system, which differs from the conventional banking systems around the world. In order to make a more detailed comparative view of the working and risks borne by the Islamic and Conventional Banking Systems, we will try to analyze with the help of data that represents the comparison between these two financial systems that are applied and practiced around the world. There are some different and diverse characteristics of the abovementioned two banking systems, which should be discussed in order to clarify the comparison between them. In the Islamic Financing system, the number of customers is less than the Marketing-based financing system. The ownership of the Islamic Banking is usually taken by the local or foreign individuals. However, only the local shareholders enjoy the ownership in the conventional banking system. In the Islamic banking, the integration of different activities is very high as compared to the traditional banking system. Lastly, the Islamic financing system has the high intensity of managing and bearing the risk internally, as well as externally. However, the risk is managed and borne by the Marketing-based financing system less internally and externally. Risk sharing is closely related to the risk management; no matter it may be external or internal in its nature. Development of close ties between the customers, and other interest groups may bring the risk externalization by an organization. It has also been indicated by various economists that one contributing factor that is related to the risk management is the long-term relations, which are made on the mutual dependence in an organization. From the different studies related to the Islamic Financing System, the responsibilities are shared by the junior and the senior staff jointly in organizations. In this case, the higher and lower level of management shares the risk. However, in the Marketing-based and Conventional Banking system, the internal risk is shared on a lower basis due to the centralization of power and authority, as compared to the Islamic Banking System. Conclusively, a high degree of the sharing of internal risk is characterized during managing the risk management in the Islamic Banking system as compared to the other conventional financing systems. Therefore, there are many differentiation between the Islamic and Traditional Banking systems around the world. Regarding the risk externalization, in the Islamic Banking system, the close lender-borrower relationships are characterized during the lending activities of organizations. The borrowers are also guided by the Islamic bankers apart from lending funds to them. In result, efficient network relationships create the increment of the externalization of risks relating to the partners who exchange in this regard. Therefore, in the Islamic Financing System, the degree of external risk is observed to be high. However, the formal lenders-borrowers relationships are characterized within the Conventional and Marketing-based financing system. In the result, it is a low degree of externalization of risks in this traditional banking system. In this regard, the extent of success of a banking organization is determined by the lender-borrower relationships, where the customers are given credit in this regard. Direct contacts with the various customers are maintained within the Islamic, as well as, the Conventional Financing Systems. The differentiation is observed in the Islamic Banking System while dealing with the financial activities, as the borrowed funds are monitored closely by these bankers, which results in the higher intensity of the lender-borrower relationships. In this regard, the risks are borne on a higher extent by the Islamic Banking system as compared to the conventional ones. However, the bank gets the higher profit as we have tried to discuss it in the abovementioned matter. Conclusively, the issues of fairness and justice are concerned in the Islamic principles that are related to the interest, rather than defining the efficiency narrowly. The focus is placed on the necessity of sharing the risk in a stable condition with the help of these principles, as well as, at the time of exploitation of the markets. We have also clarified that the Islamic Financing System works on the equity-based projects. However, the conventional ones prefer the debit-based schemes for the lenders and individuals. In an Islamic financing situation, the ownership is shared by the both bank and the client, and in the Conventional banking, all the equity is owned by the client, and the property value plays as a security to the bank loan. We hope that this study will help the scholars and the economists in understanding the role and differentiation of the Islamic & Conventional Banking around the world. Works Cited Ahmad, S. (1992). Towards Interest-Free Banking. New Delhi: International Islamic Publishers. Chapra, M. (2000). The Future of Economics: An Islamic Perspective. Leicester, UK: The Islamic Foundation. Dar, A. H. , and Presley, J. R. (1999). Islamic Finance: A Western Perspective. International Journal of Islamic Financial Services. Dar, A. (2002). Islamic House Financing in the United Kingdom: Problems, Challenges, and Prospects. Ahmad, K. (1994). Elimination of Riba: Concepts and Problems, Response to the Supreme Court Questionnaire. Institute of Policy Studies, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Happiness Is A Person s Wellbeing - 938 Words

Definition of Happiness In society happiness is depicted as a person’s wellbeing in terms of wealth and status. The definition can vary due to an individual perception of life. By that being said happiness is not something that can be shown through materialistic things, but more so a person’s state of being internally. In addition to that, happiness can be misinterpreted due to society making happiness be something that only a person who lives lavish or have the attributes of a normal or perfect life. Because happiness is based off of an individualistic view, one cannot judge another person’s happiness in terms of what is or is not happiness in a person’s life. Scholars and society can often view happiness wrong due to the judgement of another person’s life. According to Frey and Stutzer, â€Å"they are argue that several biases combine to cause people to overvalue extrinsic benefits and undervalue intrinsic benefits† (1). Although they point out that people put more effort into wealth and less into family time that does not infer that they are overvaluing extrinsic benefit then intrinsic because one may feel that having wealth is a number one priority because in result to that their family will live comfortable. 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